Evolution of the COVID-19 vaccine development landscape: As of 2 September 2020, the global COVID-19 vaccine R&D landscape includes 321 vaccine candidates, an increase of more than 2.5 fold compared with our previous report. Of these, 32 vaccine candidates are in clinical trials, with plans to enrol more than 280,000 participants from at least 470 sites in 34 different countries. The most advanced clinical candidates are now in phase III trials, and data to support licensure are anticipated to be available later this year. For the leading candidates, large-scale manufacturing of vaccine has already been initiated to enable rapid distribution if approval is obtained.
